Instructional Strategies Of Learning Math Class - 1970 Words

I have spent twenty hours throughout this semester observing a first grade classroom at P.S 152; Gwendolyn Alleyne Elementary School located in Woodside, NY. On October 23rd, Friday, I had the opportunity observing a math class. The teacher allowed me to observe her math Class, which meets Monday through Friday from 12:45 pm-2:15 pm. I did not have any prior direct experience in the math classroom, so this was relatively a new learning experience. Having done my schooling in Bangladesh, I have always wondered about the teaching process and the different instructional strategies of learning math in the United States. As I observed this particular math class as a part of my assignment, I not only had a great time but I had a better†¦show more content†¦Ms. K explained that the chart helps the students in their adding and subtracting numbers. Shapes were also on the wall so they can become familiar with the different shape illustrations. I noticed that in the back of the classroom, there was a huge shelf containing many books organized in different levels like scholastic and science magazines, fiction, non-fiction, kids discover, national geographic world and so on. Throughout the class, there were some hanging instructions on how to take good notes, how to be a good listener, and how to nurture positive behavior. There was a shelf containing different categories of manipulatives that include - multi-colored counters, pa ttern blocks, dollars and coins, time chart, measuring cups and spoons, measure scale, everyday math decks, 3-D shapes, flats, longs, cubes, and dolls. Each student had their own kit to help them better understand and improve on their math skills. I also noticed that there were some interesting charts hanging in the wall. Some of those are following: Math word wall Digit Any one of these ten symbols. 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Sequence To place number in a specific order. Ex: 0,1,2,3 Addition To combine, or to put two or more quantities together. Ex: 1+2 = 3 Subtraction Taking one number away from another. Ex. 4-3 = 2 One particular decoration that captured my attention was the listing of academic SMART goals

The Sociological Imagination The Effect of Personal...

The Sociological Imagination Focussing on Goodwins quote, I intend to discuss through this essay, the fact that for social workers, the most important thing that sociology can teach is not how ‘personal issues’ may be public issues, but in fact how people’s experiences of personal issues effect public concerns and policy and shape everybody’s lives, thus how their service users’ issues are in fact public issues. To answer the question in brief, poverty is an aspect of contemporary society that can affect anyone at any time, therefore it is of everyone’s concern and is a public issue. For social workers, while it is important to acknowledge how poverty is often a very personal experience for people, it is something that is affected†¦show more content†¦It is widely accepted that the stress of poverty has long term implications on people’s health; limiting long-term illness among people of working age is not only a potential cause of poverty but also a poten tial consequence of it (http://www.poverty.org.uk/i61/index.shtml). Piachaud also notes this association, stating that ‘there are large differences in health and mortality that are linked to income and social class’, (Piachaud in Ellison and Pierson 1998 p.239). While these examples are not specific to everyone’s experiences when living in poverty, they highlight the various affects on individuals and families when living in poverty. Indeed, they highlight how people’s experiences of poverty make it a personal issue. However, as will be discussed, personal issues of poverty also highlight that poverty is not an isolated concern but is linked to several other social issues, making it a public concern and a public issue. The Frank Butler Trust recently commissioned a research project that was undertaken by researchers from York University and NSPCC’s child protection team. The overall aims of the research project were to explore the relationships between poverty, parenting and children’s well-being in diverse social contexts, from the perspectives of parents, children and professionals. The sample wasShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Imagination And Me Essay1343 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sociological Imagination and Me Charles Wright Mills was a writer, a researcher, a teacher, a scholar and a well known sociologist. He was the author of the 1959 book, The Sociological Imagination. This book was poorly received by the sociological community at first, but it is one of the most widely read sociological texts today. The Sociological Imagination and Mills’ other works have had an immense impact on sociology, as he influenced many other scholars and the â€Å"New Left† movement of theRead MoreSociological Imagination By C. Wright Mills969 Words   |  4 Pages C. Wright Mills defined sociological imagination as the awareness of the relationship between personal experience and the wider society. Understanding and being able to exercise the sociological imagination helps us understand the relationship between the individual and society. Mills focuses on the distinction between personal troubles and public issues. Having sociological imagination is critical for individual people and soci eties at large to understand. It is important that people areRead MoreThe Concept Of Sociological Imagination : Connecting History987 Words   |  4 PagesClaudia Rosado Professor Williams Sociology 3 October 2014 The Concept of Sociological Imagination: Connecting History to Biography C. Wright Mills believed that sociological imagination connects history and biography by means of cause and effect. Society and all things surrounding it have a particular interconnection when it comes to change. As a result, one major alteration to everyday society causes human relationships in history to adapt to change. History is altered by man, without human interactionRead MoreEssay on The Sociological Imagination859 Words   |  4 Pages Wright Mills, the sociological imagination is when an individual views his society as the potential cause for his daily successes and failures. Individuals often tend to view their personal issues as social problems and try to connect their individual experiences with the workings of society. Mills believes that this is the way for individuals to gain an understanding of their personal dilemmas. The sociological imagination helps people connect their own problems with public problems and theirRead MoreLiving As Woman And A Muslim Essay1235 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica The term sociological imagination was a concept constructed by the American Sociologist C. Wright Mills in 1959 to describe the ability to understand how our lives are affected by the historical and sociological changes around us. In order to possess the knowledge of sociological imagination, we should be able to pull away from the current situation and be able to look and think from a different perspective. C. Wright Mills defined his concept of sociological imagination as â€Å"...the vividRead MoreResponse Paper : The Promise1008 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"sociologically right.† The sociological imagination was coined by C. Write Mills. His theory of sociological imagination is that we need to look at things in the big picture. Mills had grown concerned with sociological research. Mills felt that the researchers had gone away from theoretical understanding of society. Mills’s concept was that in order to get a full understanding on an individual we have to use our imaginations and think outside the box. He felt that sociological research need researchersRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination and Freedom from Feelings of Entrapment1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe sociological imagination is the â€Å"quality of mind† (Mills, 1959: 4) that enables individuals to look outside their private sphere of consciousness and identify the structures and institutions in society that influence or cause their personal experiences. In this way, by looking at the bigger picture, they can understand their place in society and explain their circumstance in terms of societal influence. It was developed by Mills in a time of great social upheaval – industrialisation, globalisationRead MoreThe Promise Of Sociology, By Charles Wright Mills1133 Words   |  5 PagesPromise of Sociology written by Charles Wright Mills explains that most men are unable to comprehend the effects of cultural and sociological changes that it can have on their lives. Mills introduces a concept that involves sociological imagination. Sociological imagination is the ability to see things socially and how they interact or show expressions to each other. â€Å"The sociological imagination enables its possessor to understand the larger historical scene in terms of its meaning for the inner lifeRead MoreThe concept of sociological imaginations allows us to get out of ones own judgment zone with700 Words   |  3 PagesThe concept of sociological imaginations allows us to get out of ones own judgment zone with regards to how we think about social problems. C. Wright Mills argument is that we should develop a method or a way of looking at things in the society from the point of view of the person experiencing the sociological phenomenon. In essence, we cannot look at things from ones own moral point of view; we need to look at things from the point of view of the person experiencing it. Mills believes that cannotRead MoreMills on Private Troubles and Public Issues1124 Words   |  4 PagesIn order to gain a broader understanding of ourselves and the world in which we live, one must first understand ‘the sociological imagination’ and all that it entails. Mills describes this idea in terms of ‘private troubles’ and ‘public issues’ which continue to effect the lives of each and every one of us (Mills 1959: 8). While the connections between the two are evident, there are clearly a number of distinctions which determine the success or failure of either an individual or a society. Understanding

My Husband’s Lover Free Essays

My Husband’s Lover is a Filipino drama television series created and developed by Suzette Doctolero and produced by GMA Network. It premiered on June 10, 2013 on the network’s coveted Primetime block. The series stars Carla Abellana, Tom Rodriguez and Dennis Trillo as the main characters. We will write a custom essay sample on My Husband’s Lover or any similar topic only for you Order Now Carolyn Galve serves as the executive producer of show and Dominic Zapata directed the series. It is credited as the very first gay-themed series in Philippine television due to the series’ central subject of homosexual relationships and infidelity. The show has multiple continuing story lines that tackle sensitive yet relevant social issues like homosexual and bisexual relationships, homophobia and the society’s discrimination against homosexuals, infidelity, pre-marital sex and the consequences of early or unplanned marriages. It also tackles the importance of family, friendship, integrity and love. Vincent Soriano (Tom Rodriguez) got his girlfriend Lally Agatep (Carla Abellana) pregnant while they were still in college. So they decided to get married even if the two of them were not ready for the responsibility and Vincent’s mother Elaine was very much against it. Thus Lally’s married life was never smooth-sailing because of Elaine. But for the love for her husband, Lally endures the hardships in dealing with her mother-in-law. However, when Lally got pregnant on their second child, Vincent suddenly became distant and cold towards her. Lally felt that Vincent was being unfair to her so she decided to leave together with their children. Vincent loves his kids so much, so he tried to win back his wife by proposing and this time getting married again with a blessing from the church. Unknown to Lally, Vincent is keeping a secret from her; it is also a secret he has kept from everyone else ever since he was young. Vincent was a closeted homosexual man who never planned to come out because he was afraid that it’ll destroy his family. However, everything changed when he crosses paths with Eric del Mundo (Dennis Trillo) again – his greatest love. Unlike Vincent, Eric is openly gay. But, just like Vincent, he still is in love with him. Eventually, the two men start an affair and Vincent tries to hide the affair from Lally by showering her with gifts and attention. However, Lally’s intuition tells her that something is wrong even though everything in her married life seems fine. That’s when she starts to investigate and she eventually learns of Vincent’s darkest secret. II. Audience Reception My reception Well, at first I didn’t like the idea of My Husband’s Lover because I’m not a homosexual, and I don’t like homosexuals too, so I didn’t watch the Pilot Episodes of My Husband’s Lover. But then, my Mom used to watched television after work, it just so happens that she turned the channel to channel 7 (GMA) and the show was My Husband’s Lover, she watched for a few minutes, after the show she got attracted by the story. She goes by everyday watching the show. I have no choice but to watch too, since we only have one television and I have nothing to do. The show’s story is good as it is. I just don’t like the theme of the show which is about homosexuals. But by watching it every day, I came to like the show. I even got excited when Lally is about to discover her husband’s secret. I think I liked the show because of the professionalism of the actors, and the moral lesson given to us by the story itself. There are many moral lessons in this story; you just need to dig deep into the words spoken by the actors. B. Others reception Interviewee: Maria Aileen Icay She said, â€Å"For the past few days, this drama has been consistently topping the trends and even the ratings despite its unusual story concept. This drama has taken our country by storm. We define it along with the veterans in the Philippine entertainment industry as â€Å"Phenomenal†. This drama that I’m so proud of for is the most talked-about†My Husband’s Lover†. Primarily it’s because this drama is a gem! For a drama fan like me, this drama has set the bar higher for upcoming Philippine dramas and is a history in itself. This is the first drama that tackles same-sex relationship in a very realistic manner. Aside from that, the family issues this drama portrays are something that most of us can empathize with or can even relate to. It’s just sad that some people refrain from watching this masterpiece just because they are a fan of the rival network or they’re a Roman Catholic or they are against same-sex relationships. † Interviewee: Gia Francia Leron She said, â€Å"I just love this drama because everything is very well executed. The story, script, acting and cinematography. No drama is perfect but this is by far the best Filipino drama I’ve ever seen in my watching experience† Interviewee: John Kenneth Sarampote He said, â€Å"What makes My Husband’s Lover such an extraordinary and groundbreaking drama is the fact that it defies standards. We see Vincent and Eric, all masculine and manly, identify themselves as gay men. We see that their relationship is rooted on love and not on monetary co-dependence. We see that there are many layers of characters that define a gay man. We see two gay men struggle prejudice that pushes them to loathe themselves and hide who they really are. We see that all people, no matter what gender, struggle in their own way. † Interviewee: John Paul Luis He said, â€Å"I’ve never been a Kapuso viewer actually. I liked the show even before it aired on television because of the theme, the theme song, the story. Everything. I also liked the show because I can relate to Vincent (Tom Rodriguez) especially on his life, the part wherein he hides his real identity just because his father is a retired general. I envy Eric (Dennis Trillo) because of the acceptance of his mom that he is Gay and her mom is just okay with it. I pity Lally (Carla Abellana) because right from the start, Vincent had been lying to her. What I can only say is that this show made me cry. All of the emotions are already here. Interviewee: Maurice Kim Lim He said, â€Å"What makes My Husband’s Lover unique is its central struggle — that of a wife witnessing the disintegration of her marriage with her closeted gay husband, whose failure to come to terms with his homosexuality gives Filipinos a venue to discuss pressing LGBT issues. â€Å" How to cite My Husband’s Lover, Papers

Global Supply Chain Management

Question: Write an essay on Global Supply Chain Management. Answer: Introduction: 1.0 Global Supply chain Management: The global supply chain of management refers to a function performed by the global supply chain management professionals, who attempt to ensure that the consumers in almost all the countries receive the products and services that they are in need of within proper time and also the quality standards of the and cost concerns are met or satisfied effectively. The global supply chain of management and the individuals related to this field play very significant role in serving the ends of the healthcare, non-profit agencies and several business and government agencies, by contributing towards their proper functioning and thereby fulfilling the needs of the consumers across the world. Any supply chain denotes the collaboration of all the procedures that remain involved, as and when a company initiates the process of production of final product with the help of the raw materials and then finally is delivered or delivered to the customers. Thus, the supply chain refers to this entire process; it does not mean only the supply of the final good, rather the entire process of manufacturing a good or service. Thus, it obviously requires critical professional skills for the management of the movement of raw materials into a company, processing of the materials into finished product and finally distributing or supplying the same. Thus, the global supply chain management personnel supervise or manage this entire cycle or flow of processed goods and services. 1.1 Supply Chain management Strategies: The supply chain of a business organization depends upon various factors or practices that govern both the production and supply of the goods and services. They can probably be the following: The framework of Industry: The framework of an industry refers to the total collection and interaction of various factors, such as the customers, technological and economic factors, demand variation of the consumers, the lifecycle of the products, and other such factors related to the operation of an industry define and influence the framework of the industry. Unique value proposal: Secondly, there should be a clear understanding of an organizations position or reputation in the market in terms of its supply chain. This is because the unique value proposal enable the organization to shape and structure all the processes and factors of production accordingly that can fulfil the needs of the customers and meet the criteria of the companys value proposal. Managerial Focus: The managerial functions of a company become very important for maintaining a balance between an organizations position, its competitive advantage in the market and the procedures involved in the supply chain. If balance between these two aspects are maintained then the company can easily aim towards its progress. Internal Processes: The internal processes refer to the activities that together make up the supply chain process, these processes need proper orientation of these internal processes, especially there should be a proper interaction between the utilization of the assets and the location of the decoupling point. When there is a perfect organization between these two factors then all the other factors can be governed easily. 1.2 Innovations in the Supply Chain Management: The management of the supply chain is an intensely complicated process because it involves various functions right from the procurement of raw materials, processing of goods from and the supply or distribution of those finished products from the manufacturing plant to the end points in order or satisfy the customers. Thus, this entire chain is a highly knowledge intensive process too. Therefore, if RFID technology is implemented in the management of the supply chain, then it can easily ensure the improvement and reliability of the supply chain, thereby reducing the extraneous complexities present in the supply chain and management. The introduction of the RFID tags and barcode readers enable easy and much faster operations in terms of authentication of goods. The conventional methods involve manual counting of the goods and services which is a highly time consuming process. As for instance, in the case of the FMCG manufacturing companies, the manual counting of the processes, during almost every stage such as, during the procurement of the raw materials, production of the finished goods and services, sorting and packing of the final products; results in a huge consumption of time. While if such industries incorporate the methodology of RFID, then it becomes possible for the company or the manufacturing, industry to undertake the counting processes in just a few se conds. This is because the RFID tags can be scanned very promptly and multiple tags can be scanned. It becomes easy for the manufacturers to keep records about the production processes with the help of the RFID technology. When the labour cost is reduced, then it leads to the reduction in the cost of production as the labour intensive tasks can be performed easily within short period by the RFID technology. It ensures a firm of less manual work and cost of production therefore, accuracy in keeping records and thereby the entire planning and decision making within the firm become much more advanced. The management of the firm can easily approve of the keep track of the accurate movement of the raw materials , finished goods, time needed for production steps, and the extent of the maintenance of the machinery and equipment. As the speed of the process of producing the goods and services is accelerated, therefore, the delivery costs are reduced, and as a result, the profitability of th e firm is augmented. 1.3 Continuous Improvement in the Supply Chain Management: The application of the lean management principles to the supply chain has enabled the firms in reducing the waste generation during the production process. As and when the waste generation is reduced, it automatically reduces the cost of production. In accordance to this particular process of lean management, a continuous improvement is done in the process of undertaking those activities that will help in the reduction of the waste. Therefore, the focus is placed only upon the creation of the finished goods that will ultimately add value to the customer service. Goods, which have high demand in the market, should be taken into consideration. The strategies that can be followed for the effective implementation of the lean management practices may range from the visual workplace, workplace organization, proper interaction of the internal processes, ongoing training, total productive maintenance and batch size reduction. To make a proper commencement of the entire process, both the customer and the production unit should be aware of the nature of the waste. Over processing and overproduction, transportation, inventory, waiting, defects are the activities that add to the waste related activities. The moment these are reduced through lean management practices, the progress of the firm can be easily enhanced. 1.5 Risk Management and the Strategies Involved: Risk management is necessary to mitigate any uncertainties related to quick operation, particularly in context of supply chain management in order to reduce to the chances of failure, with respect to transhipment of goods from one point to another and proper storage of the same. The techniques used for risk management are based on various probabilities that help to estimate the occurrence of failure and divert the risks involved. The risk management in supply chain management involves implementation of various techniques. Two of the important techniques are discussed below: Risk Management through Decision Tree: This technique is particularly useful when a whole seller buys a particular quantity of materials and offers them to the retailer at some other price. The various constraints (nodes) involved in the decision tree consider various offers from the competitive whole sellers. It helps to simplify the decision making process by assuming the whole seller who is providing the materials at the lowest price. Thus, in the way the retailer can mitigate the risk by avoiding the cost involved in buying materials from the whole sellers are who are operating at high rates. Risk Management through Monte Carlo Simulation in supply chain management: The conceptualization of Monte Carlo relies on random sampling and computational algorithms to obtain favourable results by reducing the chances of uncertainties. Monte Carlo Simulation is a more sophisticated technique that is being adopted by many industries instead of the conventional processes. It refers to a quantitative risk analysis procedure, based on computerized mathematical technique.MCS, once implemented in an organization enables the proper assessment of the probable risks and the techniques that can be adopted in order to mitigate the same. The modeler helps the management to choose from conservative, most likely and optimum cases of occurrence of risks. The probability distribution of the simulation helps to estimate the minimum, maximum and most likely cases of uncertainties. 1.5 Sustainable Supply Chain Management: A company is able to incorporate the sustainable management in the supply chain management through the prudent management and improvement of the economic, social and economic strategies of the organization. This in turn will assist the organization to conserve the resources, make an optimized use of the resources, increased productivity and thereby help in the preservation of the environment. Many research reports have shown that the sustainability in the global supply chain is growing in case of many businesses. Thus, as the supply chain involves different steps of the production process, therefore, if a firm uses the resources in a very sustainable manner for the production of its products then it will be able to reduce the impact upon rather adverse impact upon the natural environment (Fernie Sparks, 2014). In order to achieve sustainability in the supply chain, some of these following steps can be followed: Companies should reduce the wastage of raw materials during the procurement. Employment of some individuals should be done who will be able to perform the treatment of the products before packaging in order to deliver the finished product without the generation of waste. Environment friendly methods need to be adopted while procuring the raw materials, so that environment friendly goods can be produced. 1.6 Collaboration strategies for it: The companies nowadays are very much interested in undertaking collaborations or joint initiative with other companies in order to improve the entire system of delivery in the recent years and to reduce the additional costs that are incurred on the supply side, to reduce inventories and make developments in speed in the entire process, thereby resulting in customer level satisfaction. The strategies that can actually adopted by the companies to ensure successful collaboration are the following: A company while collaborating must be well aware of the company it is collaborating with. Both of them should be rest assured of the investments to be made, right infrastructure and planning. The collaboration should be of a long tenure, so that both the companies can understand each other, their needs and long term perspectives. There arises then, a greater understanding of each others potential and thereby taking steps in accordance with that. The companies merging together must remain assured that both of them possess the similar performance management system. The infrastructure of the companies involved in the collaboration process must have a very stable and better infrastructure along with robust and enthusiastic individuals who can make the entire process a success by allocating proper resources and defining vision for the collaboration(Lee Ng, 1997). Both the companies that collaborate with each other must be aware of the fact that they should work upon a benefit sharing model so that both of them procure from the business similar profits. 1.7 Crucial strategies for Supply Chain Management: Innovation, Sustainable management of the resources, collaboration of the companies for the better management of the processes involved in the supply chain, proper follow up of the risk management plans and methods and finally the continuous improvement of the supply chain, right from the collection of the raw materials till the delivery of the finished goods, all together constitute the five important or crucial strategies of the Global Supply Chain Management (Gunasekaran et al.2001). 1.8 The challenges (how the 5 strategies will affect each other) According to Obizhaeva Wang (2013), the five strategies namely innovation, continuous improvement, risk management, sustainability and collaborative strategy are interlinked with one another. The innovation strategy such as implementation of RFID technology in fleet vehicles is directly related to continuous improvement. In todays global supply chain management RFID tags in vehicles as well entry point of a logistics distribution hub has an impact on the day to day functioning of a business (Hervani et al.2005). As we have discussed earlier RFID provides an edge over conventional methods of counting. This has a direct overall impact on the aspect of Continuous Improvement. The innovation strategy is also associated to collaborative strategies by lowering down the costs, improvement in speed of service and customer contentment. We can further relate the strategy of risk management with sustainability of the supply operations. The various techniques used for risk evaluation is done in order to select the favorable probability scenario and improve the decision making process sustained supply chain management (Fernie Sparks 2014). 2.0 Global Supply chain in Maritime: With the expansion in the world economies and increasing globalization, the business interests of the organizations are also undergoing a change and expansion. The demands for a variety of goods and services across the world due to the fluctuating tastes of the consumers and their lifestyle led to the increase in dependence over the maritime logistics, that became a major means now of transportation now. The maritime supply chain refers mainly to the transportation of goods and services between two or more ports. The ever evolving needs of the customers has intensified and enhanced the importance of the maritime logistics. Logistics or the supply chain management ensures and aims at the ultimate satisfaction of the customers. Thus, in the same way the Maritime transport and the liner transport aim at the customer satisfaction by delivering the goods at the right place and at the right time. Maritime logistics has made the process of the transportation of goods and services from one port to another port very smooth with the use of liner shipping service instead of tramp shipping situation which carries a bulk of cargoes. The introduction of Maritime logistics has thus achieved the goals of logistics that are timelessness, low cost or cost effectiveness and reliability. 2.1 Shipping Port Industry (PSA): The Port Of Singapore is an economic need for the people living there as Singapore lacks the natural or land resources. Therefore, PSA has proved to be a boon for the upliftment of the economic conditions of the place. It is at present the Worlds second busiest and the most competitive port. It provides various facilities and terminals to conduct smooth trade handling. It helps in the transhipment of more than half of the worlds annual supply of crude oil and also ranks high in the transport of cargo. The exclusive geographical location and the technology implemented made the port the most vital one (Vidal Goetschalckx, 1997). 2.2 Competitive advantage for the Shipping Port (Port of Singapore Authority): Resources at the port- The availability of immense natural resources, especially the resources at the port is a great advantage to the shipping industry in Singapore, namely its large protected harbor, its location at major trade routes and well-educated workforce (Power, 2005). Thus, it is one of the geographical advantages that help in the progress of the shipping industry at Singapore. Key Operations conducted at PSA: As the port is located at a very advantageous position, it has become the choice for most of the exporters and importers across the world. However, it is not only the importance of strategic location, but also because of its efficient port operations and cost effectiveness. There is a well-defined co-ordination among all the operations at the PSA. CITOS or the Computer Integrated Terminal Operations System manages the entire operation system at the PSA, right from the arrival of the ships to the unloading and loading of goods. 2.3 Supply chain Approach: The world has turned to be a very complex place to operate in terms of logistics, because of the increasing change in the consumer demands, which again has posed a major challenge in the near future. Therefore, the approach of the supply chain should follow the following step for better management: Expectations of the consumers: The most important motive of the logistics and the supply chain management operation should be to act according to the needs of the customers and the satisfaction of the same within the right time with right quality standards. Maintenance of cost effectiveness: It is a common trend that although the customers remain apprehensive about their expectations of the goods and services, they aspire them at a very low cost. However, it becomes impossible to keep the costs always at a low level. Thus, in accordance to the present situation, the logistic costs play a very vital role in determining the ultimate costs of the products and moreover the logistics costs have helped in reducing the overall costs of production, which is required to be maintained. Globalization: The logistics and the supply chain management should develop the knowledge and infrastructure which will help in dealing with the rising globalization, customer requirements and the emerging market conditions. Pressure of sustainability: The concept of sustainability and maintaining the same became very important in todays world. It has turned to be one of the corporate social responsibilities. Increased risk and challenges: Research and development, procurement, production and sales are some of the strategies that can be used by the logistics to mitigate the risk. Use of new technology: Most of the companies are looking forward to incorporate new technology, like the big data analysis tools that will help in better planning and controlling the results. 2.4 Identification of key performance indicators of PSA In terms of volumes of trade in shipping PSA is one of the busiest ports in the world. Some of the key performing indicators of this port are: Planning of orders Sourcing Production Delivery of the shipments Bai Sarkis (2014) 2.5 Supply chain strategies to be achieved for each KPI are mentioned as follows: 2.51: Planning of orders: The planning of orders includes demand forecast for each individual shipments arriving at PSA. Planning strategy also deals with planning the cycle time from receiving of an order for a shipment to delivery time for the same. The planning of inventory is important for proper maintenance of the bulk cargo and reducing the amount of wastage for perishable items. The total influx at PSA port amounted to 30.62 million twenty foot equivalent unit of containers in the year 2015. Through appropriate planning strategy the total order vs. the forecasted order can be evaluated for an increased efficiency (Gopal Thakkar 2012). 2.52 Sourcing: The sourcing strategy plays a crucial role in assessing vendor lead time and minimizing the same. The general KPI for sourcing is supplier fill rate, which gives a report of the reliability of the suppliers. The step is to measure the fill rate as per individual items, secondly the simple way to measure the suppler fill is done by comparison of the actual date of delivery with the requested date of delivery. The ideal measure is to incorporate the allowance limit in the computation process, as each line product is having a different order lead time. Another important component is receiving of accurate purchase requisites, which contains information related to quantity of materials and due date for the same. In order to effectively implement the strategy Material Requisite Planning needs to be emphasized due to increasing complexities in the material planning process (MPP) (Schggl et al., 2016). 2.53 Production: The KPI for production recognizes changes in the present situation for time departure and arrival of ships at the port, to ensure timely production from the manufactures and order of fill rate. The various production measures to improve the potential metrics include production lead time and capacity utilization. The primary KPI of manufacturing takes into consideration on time departure of an item from the port. Each subsidiary is aided with a shipment plan. The second strategy involves timely production which is also known as (OTP), it is an analysis of the planned production and the actual production. Since most of shipping companies use ERP the monitoring of release of items for daily production becomes easy (Riexinger et al., 2015). 2.54. Delivery of the shipaments: PSA is committed to deliver quick and trustworthy service to all the respective customers. But due to increasing competition in the global supply chain the timely delivery of the shipments is becoming a challenge than before. The metrics based on assumptions involves considering primary time less the timely departure from the sales subsidiary. While calculating the expected time of arrival of the shipment the information is available before the delivery of the products by different supplier oversees the entire demand planning to designing of supply networks (Marron et al., 2015) 2.6 The tradeoff between the supply chain strategies According to Wisner et al., (2015).The tradeoff between the supply chain strategies mentioned above uses a feedback system for continuous adaptation. The primary role of the KPI shows the loopholes between the planned tradeoff and the executed trade off. Thus monitoring of the KPIs becomes important. The above mentioned design guidelines and performance metrics are based on industry standards and in accordance with the best practices in measurement of performance (Chaabane et al, 2012). 2.7 Conclusion: Thus, it is quite evident how the Global supply chain management enables the integrated production and supply or the flow of materials across the world. Through various processes, as mentioned -above the supply chain management is maintained at all the levels in the industrial sectors around the world. Reference List Bai, C., Sarkis, J. (2014). Determining and applying sustainable supplier key performance indicators. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 19(3), 275-291. Barratt, M. (2004). Understanding the meaning of collaboration in the supply chain. Supply Chain Management: an international journal, 9(1), 30-42. 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